File Sharing

File Sharing allows your Mac to share files and folders with other Macs and PCs on your network.

Notes

• Your file sharing settings may be overridden by your network router’s firewall, the firewalls on other computers, or the firewall in Mac OS X v10.5 or later.
• Before you begin, you might want to create all the user and group accounts you will need in Users & Groups preferences (in OS X Mountain Lion and OS X Lion) or Accounts preferences (in Mac OS X v10.5 or Mac OS X v10.6).

Open Sharing preferences

1. Log in with an administrator user account. To enable and configure file sharing you need to know the name and password of an administrator account on your Mac.
2. From the Apple () menu, choose System Preferences.
3. Type File Sharing in the System Preferences search field, and press Enter.

Select folders to share

Below the Shared Folders list, click the Add (+) button. Find the folder you want to share. To select multiple folders, press and hold the Shift key while selecting folders with the mouse.

In the example below, the folders named “Juan Chavez’s Public Folder” and “Mac 101” (/Users/Mac 101) have been selected for sharing.

Repeat this process for all folders you wish to share.

Note: You can also directly select a folder in the Finder to share. Select the folder, choose Get Info from the File menu, and enable “Shared Folder” to share it (or deselect “Shared Folder” to stop sharing the folder).

Tip: When you open a shared folder, a “Shared Folder” banner appears in its Finder window, as well as any subfolder windows.

Accessing shared files

To access files that are being shared on a different computer or from an AirPort disk or Time Capsule, follow these steps in Connect to shared computers and file servers on a network.

For more information, please see Servers and shared computers that you can connect to and Network address formats for shared computers and servers.
Advanced topics

To learn about some more advanced aspects of File Sharing, open a section below.

Configure user and group accounts with appropriate access privileges

1. In Sharing preferences, select the folder that’s being shared.
2. To add to the default user accounts and groups that were selected when you shared the folder, click the Add (+) button below the Users list.
3. Select an existing user account or group. User accounts can be created in Users & Group preferences (in OS X Mountain Lion and OS X Lion) or Accounts preferences (in Mac OS X v10.5 or later), in System Preferences. Tip: You can create a Sharing Only user account by clicking “New Person” or adding a user from your Contacts (in OS X Mountain Lion) or Address Book (in Mac OS X v10.5 or later).
4. The default privilege for a user account or group you add is “Read Only”.  If you want to change this, click the pop-up menu next to the user or group and choose one of the following privilege options:
   • Read & Write – The user can read, copy, edit, and delete the contents of the folder.
   • Read Only – The user can only read and copy (to another location) the contents of the folder.
   • Write Only (Drop Box) – The user can only copy content into the folder.  The user can not see the contents of the drop box folder.Note: A “Write Only” user can overwrite items in the drop box folder, if what they drop into it has the same name as an item already in the drop box folder.
   • No Access (groups only) – User accounts in this group will have no access to the folder.  However, if a user account is added, the privileges assigned to the user account override the group restrictions.
5. Repeat this process for other folders being shared for which you want this users to have access.

You can also manage the user or group access of a shared folder via the Finder; select the folder and choose Get Info from the File menu.

Tip: If you need to assign the shared folder user or group account privileges to items contained in the shared folder, select “Apply to enclosed items” from the action pop-up menu. A confirmation sheet appears, click OK to complete the process.

Choose the appropriate network protocol to communicate with the type of computer that’s accessing your shared files

You can share files using Apple Filing Protocol (AFP), Server Message Block (SMB) protocol, or File Transfer Protocol (FTP). Note: FTP is only available in Mac OS X v10.5 and Mac OS X v10.6.

Follow these steps to select the appropriate protocols for the type of computer that will log onto your Mac:

1. In Sharing preferences, click Options.
2. Select “Share files and folders using AFP” to enable the Apple Filing Protocol. Use this protocol to file share with other Macs.
3. Select “Share files and folders using FTP” to enable the File Transfer Protocol. Use this protocol to file share with UNIX and LINUX systems. (This option is only available in Mac OS X v10.5 and Mac OS X v10.6)
4. Select “Share files and folders using SMB (Windows)” to enable the Server Message Block protocol and check the user accounts to enable for SMB. Use this protocol to file share with Microsoft Windows-based PCs and Linux computers.Note: You will have to enter the user’s password for a user account that you enable for SMB.
5. Once you have selected the desired networking protocols, click Done.

Preferences

System Preferences controls system-wide settings (“global” settings), and is available from the Apple () menu at the upper-left corner of the screen. System Preferences lets you to adjust things like your screen resolution, keyboard control, mouse control, sound, printer settings, sharing settings, accounts, and more.

Customize your mouse, and trackpad
We all type, point, and click differently. That’s why it’s important to make sure that you optimize your keyboard, mouse, or trackpad. Here’s how to do this.

Optimize your mouse
The Mouse preferences pane looks different depending on what kind of mouse you use. These settings let you set the sensitivity of the mouse to control how fast the pointer moves across your screen when you move your mouse, and adjust for your double-click reflexes. Other controls may be available, depending on the type of mouse you’re using.

Mouse preferences with an Apple Magic Mouse in OS X Lion

1. Open System Preferences and click Mouse.
2. To control how fast the pointer (cursor) moves across your screen when you move the mouse, move the Tracking slider left to slow it down, or right to speed it up.
3. If Double-Click Speed appears, move the Double-Click slider left to slow it down, or right to speed it up.
4. If your mouse has a scroll wheel, you can set its scroll speed using the Scrolling or Scrolling Speed slider.

Optimize your trackpad

1. Open System Preferences and click Trackpad. These settings let you set the sensitivity of the trackpad, to control how fast the arrow moves across your screen when you move your finger across the trackpad, and also adjust for your double-click speed.
2. To change your tracking speed and click settings, click the Point & Click tab. Then move the Tracking slider to adjust how fast the arrow moves across your screen; move it left to slow it down, or right to speed it up. You can also enable secondary-click, by selecting the “Secondary click” checkbox. You can then click using two fingers to secondary-click. The secondary-click can be used to display shortcut (contextual) menus for an application.
3. To change your scroll and zoom settings, click the Scroll & Zoom tab. You can enable and disable scroll and zoom gestures.
4. To change other gesture settings, click the More Gestures tab. You can enable and disable gestures for swipe, Mission Control, Exposé, Launchpad, and desktop.

 

Some ways to use your trackpad

1. Use one finger to point, tap to click, and drag items on your screen.
2. Drag two fingers up, down, or sideways to scroll in an active window.
3. Use two-finger pinching to zoom in or out on PDFs, images, photos, and more.
4. Use two-finger rotating to rotate photos, pages, and more.
5. Swipe three fingers to quickly page through a document, move to the previous or next photo, and more.
6. Swipe four fingers left or right to activate Application Switcher so you can cycle through open applications.
7. Pinch close with four or five fingers to open Launchpad.

Change your sounds

1. Open System Preferences and click Sound.
2. To change the alert sound, played when your Mac wants to get your attention, click the Sound Effects tab, and select a sound in the alert sound list.
3. If you want to hear sound effects play when you do other things in the Finder, such as when you drag stuff to, or empty, the Trash, or remove items from the Dock, select the “Play user interface sound effects” checkbox.
4. To change the overall volume of sound effects, move the “Alert volume” slider left to turn the volume down, or right to turn it up.
5. To adjust the overall volume of your Mac, move the “Output volume” slider left to turn the volume down, or right to turn it up. If you’d rather have your Mac quiet, select the Mute checkbox.
6. To adjust the sound balance for your internal or external speakers, click the Output tab, select your speaker device from the list, and move the Balance slider left to hear more from the left channel, or right to hear more from the right channel.Your Mac has plenty of functions and commands that can be triggered by a simple keyboard shortcut, pressing two or three keys simultaneously to perform an action.

Change your Mac’s sleep settings
To conserve energy, all Macs have the ability to sleep. When you haven’t used your Mac for a set amount of time, it enters a low-power mode until you wake it by pressing the keyboard, trackpad, or moving the mouse. Sleep doesn’t turn off your computer; it merely puts it into an inactive state that consumes less power. Waking your Mac from sleep is faster than waiting for your Mac to start up after a shutdown.

This is especially helpful for conserving battery life on portable Macs. But sometimes you may need to alter your computer’s sleep settings, such as when you’re burning a DVD—if you’re not interacting with your Mac during this time, it could go to sleep during the process. Or, you may want to have your Mac go to sleep earlier than scheduled. Here’s how to change sleep preferences.

Set the sleep time

1. Open System Preferences and click Energy Saver.
2. Move the sliders for both the computer and display to change the times in which they go to sleep.
3. Select any other options you want, such as sleep, wake, and power failure options.

Customize Your MacBook, MacBook Air, or MacBook Pro sleep settings
If you’re using a portable Mac, you can set different sleep times for your battery and power adapter use.

1. In Energy Saver preferences, choose the Power Adapter or Battery tab.
2. To change the sleep times for your power source choice, move the computer and display sliders to change the sleep time.

Change your OS X language
Your Mac is set to display the language for the country in which you bought the computer. For example, if you bought your Mac in the United States, your Mac is set to English. If you bought your Mac in France, your Mac is set to French. But if you prefer to use a different language, you can.

If you bought your Mac in the U.S. but English isn’t your preferred language,

you can switch the language via drag-and-drop.

1. Open System Preferences and click Language & Text.
2. Click the Language tab.
3. In the Languages pane, drag your preferred language to the top of the list.
4. To apply the language throughout your system, restart your Mac or log out and log back in.

You can also customize various aspects of any application by choosing Preferences from the application menu. For example, to configure settings for the TextEdit application, open it from your Dock or the Applications folder, then from the TextEdit menu, choose Preferences. Other application preferences can be configured in similar fashion.